Making a Model of DNA 5) Construct the right side of your DNA molecule by putting together in sequence a cytosine, thymine, guanine and adenine nucleotide.See next page. DNA bases form pairs in specific ways. 6) Complete the left side of the DNA ladder by adding complementary nucleotides or nucleotides that fit. Question: What is the structure of DNA? Building DNA and RNA. Student Exploration: Building DNA Vocabulary: double helix, DNA, enzyme, mutation, nitrogenous base, nucleoside, nucleotide, replication Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) The Twizzler will be the Backbones. Although each human has a unique DNA sequence, the DNA in all of us is about 99.9% identical! Use colored marshmallows, Twizzler and toothpicks to construct a DNA Double Helix. 1. Adenine (A) always pairs with Thymine (T). DNA molecules contain instructions for building every living organism on Earth, from the tiniest bacterium to a massive blue whale. 4. Durin... (more) g this activity students will describe DNA replication in three different ways - steps, components and overall process. Activity A: Build a DNA molecule Get the Gizmo ready: If necessary, click Reset to start the building process. (Note: For simplicity, this DNA molecule is shown in two dimensions, without the twist.) DNA can be a complex topic, but these hands-on, fun activities and games can make it easier to understand. This worksheet will be turned in as sample work at the end of this lesson. DNA is an incredible molecule that forms the basis of life on Earth. They can also serve as an excellent jumping-off point for more complex biological topics. This simple activity asks students to cut out shapes of nucleotides, each having a phosphate, a base, and a deoxyribose sugar. The marshmallows will be the Bases. Building DNA Gizmo Worksheet Directions: Complete the following activities using the Building DNA Gizmo. https://www.biointeractive.org/classroom-resources/modeling-structure-dna See next page. Best For: Biology Construct a DNA molecule, examine its double-helix structure, and then go through the DNA replication process. In this activity, you will use pieces of candy to make a model for a short section of DNA—enough to get a sense of what DNA is like and how it encodes life. Students should already have an understanding of DNA structure. During replication, double-stranded DNA unwinds and each strand acts as a template for a new strand. Build: Follow the steps given in the Gizmo to construct a molecule of DNA. Learn how each component fits into a DNA molecule, and see how a unique, self-replicating code can be created. Worksheet has space for pasting the completed model and a few questions regarding the base-pair rule, and the composition of a nucleotide. A nucleoside consists of two parts: a pentagonal sugar called deoxyribose and a nitrogenous base that is shown in color. Guanine (G) always pairs with Cytosine (C). This task card can be used for remote learning or in class as a small group or individual activity. Warm Up There are two DNA components shown in this Gizmo: nucleosides and phosphates. Students color each nucleotide and paste them in an anti-parallel orientation. Task Card: Building DNA . Your finished model should resemble a ladder. Before mitosis begins, a cell doubles its amount of chromosomes by replicating, or copying all of its DNA.
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