(Thus, Nirvījasamādhi is caused by) the mental condition (pratyayaḥ) (that is the outcome) of latent impressions of ignorance (bhava) in the case of both the Videha-s or (discarnate) Deva-s (videha) and the Prakṛtilaya-s or those who have dissolved themselves in the primeval constituent principle (prakṛtilayānām)||19||, श्रद्धावीर्यस्मृतिसमाधिप्रज्ञापूर्वक इतरेषाम्॥२०॥ This Sanskrit Studies Method course is an introduction to the Sanskrit language and the culture of the modern yogi. अ आ इ ई उ ऊ ऋ ॠ ऌ ए ऐ ओ औ अं अः . phala=fruit; pala=measure of weight). HI I am Hariprasad from today I am just trying to learn sanskrit through this tool I got struck with this लृ(lr) letter can you please tell me the letter and how to pronounce this. The English alphabet has its roots in Latin script and has 26 letters from A to Z of which A,E,I,O,U are vowels and remaining consonants. Origin of the Indo-European languages: Part I, Origin of the Indo-European languages: Part II, Origin of the Indo-European languages: Part III, Origin of the Indo-European languages: Part IV, Origin of the Indo-European languages: Part V, Origin of the Indo-European languages: Part VI, Origin of the Indo-European languages: Part VII, Origin of the Indo-European languages: Part VIII, Origin of the Indo-European languages: Part IX, Trika: The Six Courses - Non-dual Shaivism of Kashmir, Tattvic Chart - Non-dual Shaivism of Kashmir, Tattva-s & Sanskrit - Non-dual Shaivism of Kashmir, Śivasūtravimarśinī (Shiva Sutra Vimarshini), Śivasūtravimarśinī-hṛdaya (Shiva Sutra Vimarshini Hrdaya), Śrīmadbhāgavatapurāṇa (Srimad Bhagavata Purana), Pātañjalayogasūtra-s (Patanjali Yoga Sutras), Haṭhayogapradīpikā (Hatha Yoga Pradipika), Jyotsnā (Jyotsna) - Haṭhayogapradīpikā (Hatha Yoga Pradipika), Śivamahimnaḥ stotram (Shiva Mahimna Stotram), Scriptures translated and composed by Gabriel Pradīpaka, Download and install the indispensable font(s). Tatpratiṣedhārthamekatattvābhyāsaḥ||32||, For (artham) keeping that back --i.e. Pratyakṣānumānāgamāḥ pramāṇāni||7||, Direct perception (pratyakṣa), inference (anumāna) and testimony --āgama-- (āgamāḥ) are the Pramāṇa-s (pramāṇāni)||7||, विपर्ययो मिथ्याज्ञानमतद्रूपप्रतिष्ठम्॥८॥ We will look at select sounds of the Sanskrit alphabet, two commonly chanted mantras in yoga classes around the globe. But remember that the meaning of these abstruse aphorisms is not given here. In this article we will provide you the step-by-step lesson plan of how by using the Alphabet Chart set and Alphabet Cards set one can learn Sanskrit, Devanagari alphabet in 10 easy lessons. Sanskrit is 100% phonetic: each written character is always pronounced the same way. For further information about Sanskrit, Yoga and Indian Philosophy; or if you simply want to comment, ask a question or correct a mistake, feel free to contact us: This is our e-mail address. There is a measure unit called ' mātrā ' or "time gap needed to pronounce a short vowel (like 'a')". A bit similar to ‘x’, श्र Coupled sound of ‘s’, ‘h’, ‘r’= ‘shr’. The sound files are "properly" named, of course, so that you can create, say, four folders (one for every section of this scripture), and quickly find the right sound you need to hear. Smṛtipariśuddhau svarūpaśūnyevārthamātranirbhāsā nirvitarkā||43||, When memory (smṛti) is completely purified (pariśuddhau), (and the intuitive cognition is), as it were (iva), devoid (śūnyā) of its own essential nature (sva-rūpa), (that Samāpatti or Engrossment) in which only (mātra) the object (on which the mind is concentrated) (artha) shines forth (nirbhāsā) (is called) Nirvitarkā (nirvitarkā)||43||, एतयैव सविचारा निर्विचारा च सूक्ष्मविषया व्याख्याता॥४४॥ In the ancient times, all the Sanskrit texts were passed down orally through human memory from generations to generations. Kṣīṇavṛtterabhijātasyeva maṇergrahītṛgrahaṇagrāhyeṣu tatsthatadañjanatā samāpattiḥ||41||, When a weakened (kṣīṇa) fluctuation of mind (vṛtteḥ) (finally) arises consequently --that is, when the mental fluctuation is lastly weakened and the mind attains stability-- (abhijātasya), (this fluctuation behaves) like (iva) a (transparent) gem (maṇeḥ) in respect of the knower (grahītṛ), the instrument of knowledge (grahaṇa) and the knowables --grāhya-- (grāhyeṣu) --which are all objects of mental concentration--. Tadā draṣṭuḥ svarūpe'vasthānam||3||, Then (tadā), there is an abiding (avasthānam) in the essential nature (sva-rūpe) of the Seer (draṣṭuḥ)||3||, वृत्तिसारूप्यमितरत्र॥४॥ Reading Sanskrit words with no diacritical marks and pronouncing … Hovering with the mouse over a letter will highlight the letter and show it in Devanagari. Śraddhāvīryasmṛtisamādhiprajñāpūrvaka itareṣām||20||, (However,) in the case of those who tread the path of the conscious effort by using a method --upāya-- (itareṣām), (Nirvījasamādhi --which is now "real Asamprajñātasamādhi"--) is preceded (pūrvakaḥ) by faith (śraddhā), vigor (vīrya), recollection (smṛti), full concentration (samādhi) (and) true knowledge (prajñā)||20||, तीव्रसंवेगानामासन्नः॥२१॥ Kannada and Telugu have many things in common and … Pronunciation Guide for Kannada Alphabet Read More » Tatparaṁ puruṣakhyāterguṇavaitṛṣṇyam||16||, Indifference (vaitṛṣṇyam) to the Guṇa-s, (the qualities of nature) (guṇa), because of a knowledge (khyāteḥ) of Puruṣa (puruṣa) is called the highest (Vairāgya or Renunciation) (tad param)||16||, वितर्कविचारानन्दास्मितारूपानुगमात्सम्प्रज्ञातः॥१७॥ Animations are used to make the learning fun and easy. pronouncekiwi. In turn, all that is between double hyphen (--...--) constitutes clarifying further information also added by me. Note: a long vowel (e.g. Coupled sound of ‘b’ and ‘h’= ‘bh’. Pronunciation of Sanskruti with 1 audio pronunciation, 1 meaning and more for Sanskruti. 1. For this reason. Click the record button again to finish recording. It is available at . Pronunciations may also differ for some consonants across these languages sharing this script. no object or "vīja" is utilized as a support for one's own mind to become one-pointed-- (nirvījaḥ samādhiḥ) through the suppression (nirodhāt) of all (mental modifications or fluctuations) (sarva)||51||, Here concludes the First Section dealing with concentration. Anubhūtaviṣayāsampramoṣaḥ smṛtiḥ||11||, Smṛti (or recollection) (smṛtiḥ) is the reproduction, without taking anything from any other sources (asampramoṣaḥ), of the thing (viṣaya) that was (previously) experienced (anubhūta)||11||, अभ्यासवैराग्याभ्यां तन्निरोधः॥१२॥ Pronounce such words in a proper manner, and you will have your way paved toward complete mastery as regards Sanskrit pronunciation, no doubt about it. Not available in English but as ‘dh’ in Indian musical instrument ‘dhol’. Listen to the aphorisms over and over again, and then repeat them along with me. Tasyāpi nirodhe sarvanirodhānnirvījaḥ samādhiḥ||51||, On the cessation (nirodhe) of that --i.e. Mṛdumadhyādhimātratvāttato'pi viśeṣaḥ||22||, Because of (the methods or means) being mild --slow-- (mṛdu), moderate --medium-- (madhya) and excessive --"adhimātra" or speedy-- (adhimātratvāt), (there is) consequently (tatas) difference(s) (viśeṣaḥ) even (among those people who have an intense desire of spiritual emancipation) (api)||22||, ईश्वरप्रणिधानाद्वा॥२३॥ of the latent impression born of the aforesaid Prajñā-- (tasya) too (api), there is Nirvījasamādhi --or the perfect concentration which is objectless or "nirvīja", i.e. Telugu is one of the official languages of India and is quite popular language. “The Sanskrit letters are far more numerous than the poor twenty-two letters of the Hebrew alphabet. How to write vowels (hindi). Apart from this, there is a concept of using the half sound, which is prevalent is many other … So, this relevant document will help you to write and pronounce Sanskrit properly. Along with Sanskrit alphabets we also have provided the Roman letters with diacritic notations to aid in reading. To work this problem around, right-click on the icon and select "Save link as..." or something like that (the statements vary according to the different browsers). क्ष Coupled sound of ‘k’, ‘s’, ‘h’= ‘ksh’. With an alphabet of 49 letters, it has several different versions of familiar sounds such as ‘n’ and ‘s’, each issuing from a different part of the mouth. As the first point of pronunciation "Gutturals" produce "Ka" the first consonant of the alphabet formed as the back of the tongue contacts the back of the throat thereby trapping the air which when released produces "Ka" the very first consonant of the Sanskrit alphabet. Copyright © 1999-2020 Gabriel Pradīpaka - All rights reserved. 2 Use the base of your tongue for soft palate consonants. There are lots of sounds that are produced by combining two consonants. Thank you for helping build the largest language community on the internet. Write it here to share it with the entire community. IAST is a widely used standard. I shall give you simple method to pronounce the letters. Pracchardanavidhāraṇābhyāṁ vā prāṇasya||34||, Or (vā) (that very peace of mind can also be achieved) by exhalation (pracchardana) and retention --vidhāraṇa-- (vidhāraṇābhyām) of Prāṇa --the vital energy contained in the breath-- (prāṇasya)||34||, विषयवती वा प्रवृत्तिरुत्पन्ना मनसः स्थितिनिबन्धिनी॥३५॥ Pronunciation Guide for Sanskrit Alphabet in English. Giving the up sound to the symbol used. Obviously, you can alternately uninstall the Quick Time plugin, but maybe you might need it for some other things. Does not produce a particular sound: Just used for articulation of tongue while pronouncing the next word. When naming a Sanskrit consonant, you simply add the vowel a to the end of it. That is it! How to pronounce select alphabet sounds and words and in Sanskrit. Sanskrit pronunciation guide sanskrit s breadth of expression comes in part from using the entire mouth for pronunciation and from elongating accented vowels. Important: All that is in brackets and italicized within the translation has been added by me in order to complete the sense of a particular phrase or sentence. So, this important document will help you to write and pronounce Sanskrit properly. This document was conceived by Gabriel Pradīpaka, one of the two founders of this site, and spiritual guru conversant with Sanskrit language and Trika philosophy. IAST. 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"of the previous five mental modifications") (tad) by means of Abhyāsa --practice-- and Vairāgya --renunciation-- (abhyāsavairāgyābhyām)||12||, तत्र स्थितौ यत्नोऽभ्यासः॥१३॥ Short vowels (a, i, u, ṛ, ḷ) last 1 mātrā, while long vowels (ā, ī, ū, ṝ) and diphthongs (e, ai, o, au) last 2 mātrā-s. Give you access to the Sanskrit alphabet and pronunciation. ‘f’ of German language. Svapnanidrājñānālambanaṁ vā||38||, Or (vā) the support (ālambanam) of the knowledges --in the form of words and/or images-- (jñāna) (experienced) in dreams (svapna) or in the state of dreamless sleep (nidrā) (can also bring peace and steadiness to the mind)||38||, यथाभिमतध्यानाद्वा॥३९॥ ञ Just like ‘gn’ of gnome with a slight up movement of tongue. Since the set of vowels and consonants in Sanskrit are different Features: 1. If you have the Quick Time plugin installed, it is possible that you cannot download the sound directly. Pronunciation Guide for Sanskrit Alphabet in English Sanskrit alphabet contains lots of sounds that follow a definite pattern. In the settings window you can change this priview mode so that basic information about the letter will pop-up on mouse hover and/or the sound of the letter will play automatically. Write it here to share it with the entire community. We know that English does not have a script of its own and instead we use the Latin script to write English. In श, the tongue touches the upper part of mouth cavity. In fact around India there is variation in pronunciation of Sanskrit, so that a Bengali will pronounce namaskar as though it is written nomoskar (ie the vowel becomes rounded towards an /o/ sound). Etayaiva savicārā nirvicārā ca sūkṣmaviṣayā vyākhyātā||44||, By means of this --i.e. So, this important document will help you to write and pronounce Sanskrit properly. a comprehensive introduction to the Sanskrit alphabet; a thorough explanation of the importance and purpose of correct pronunciation; and a methodical recitation of asana names to follow along with, from the most commonly mispronounced asanas, to anatomical and descriptive asana names, to sages, dieties and animals, and more. छ This sound is not available in English. The sanskrit alphabet is well categorized and hence easy to learn. We’ll practice pronouncing select asana names. Worksheet will open in a new window. The pain felt by Mahäräja when he hears Sanskrit words mispronounced is analogous to the pain felt by the Supreme Lord when He sees religious principles decline. Vowels. Through language drills, and review exercises, you will gain the confidence and capacity to begin to use the Sanskrit language. How to say Sanscrit in English? Overpage you will find the Sanskrit alphabet and all of the transliteration conventions. Tā eva savījaḥ samādhiḥ||46||, Only (eva) those (four varieties of Samāpatti or Engrossment --Savitarkā, Nirvitarkā, Savicārā and Nirvicārā--) (tāḥ) (constitute) Savījasamādhi (savījaḥ samādhiḥ) (or the perfect concentration in which one uses a gross/subtle object or "vīja" as a support for his mind to become one-pointed)||46||, निर्विचारवैशारद्येऽध्यात्मप्रसादः॥४७॥ Sanskrit is 100% phonetic: each written character is always pronounced the same way. If you have any question about this course, please email me directly at Nepali Classes. The International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration (IAST) is a subset of the ISO 15919 standard, used for the transliteration of Sanskrit, Prakrit and Pāḷi into Roman script with diacritics. 3. The consonants are categorized according to their pronouncing style. ॠ Conjugated sound of ‘r’ and ‘rhy’ as above, ङ As ‘gn’ in gnome. Have a definition for Sanskrit alphabet ? That’s because, in this complex language, where you place the accent in the word ananda , for example, can literally make the difference between bliss and sadness , as Richard Rosen, who leads our Sanskrit 101 course , … Tasya vācakaḥ praṇavaḥ||27||, The word (vācakaḥ) to (designate) Him (tasya) is Praṇava or Om̐ (praṇavaḥ or praṇavaḥ)||27||, तज्जपस्तदर्थभावनम्॥२८॥ Tataḥ pratyakcetanādhigamo'pyantarāyābhāvaśca||29||, From that (practice of Īśvarapraṇidhāna or devotion to Īśvara --Lord--) (tatas) (also comes) the realization (adhigamaḥ) of one's own true Self (pratyakcetana) as well as (api... ca) the removal (abhāvaḥ) of obstacles (antarāya)||29||, व्याधिस्त्यानसंशयप्रमादालस्याविरतिभ्रान्तिदर्शनालब्धभूमिकत्वानवस्थितत्वानि चित्तविक्षेपास्तेऽन्तरायाः॥३०॥ (There are two types of causes for Nirvījasamādhi --a Samādhi without an object to meditate on--: "upāyapratyaya" --the mental condition that is the outcome of a conscious effort by using a method-- and "bhavapratyaya" --the mental condition that is the outcome of latent impressions of ignorance--. Sanskrit Pronunciation Guide Sanskrit’s breadth of expression comes in part from using the entire mouth for pronunciation, and from elongating accented vowels. How to say Sanskrit in English? This is the first document of the series dedicated to the Pātañjalayogasūtra-s. Next document will deal with the Section II known as "On practice". This symbol will put the half-sound of ‘r’ in the foot of the consonant and its sound would come after the consonant. Listen to the audio pronunciation of Sanskrit numbers on pronouncekiwi. Apart from this, there is a concept of using the half sound, which is prevalent is … English letter order and pronunciation is completely irrational. by the previous explanation-- (etayā) (the Samāpatti-s or Engrossments known as) Savicārā (savicārā) and (ca) Nirvicārā (nirvicārā), whose objects (viṣayā) are subtle (sūkṣma), are also (eva) explained (vyākhyātā)||44||, सूक्ष्मविषयत्वं चालिङ्गपर्यवसानम्॥४५॥ They are all musical, and they are read – or rather chanted – according to a system given in very old Tantrika works, and are called Devanagari, the speech, or language, of the Gods. The tongue touches a bit away (to the inner side) from the teeth while pronouncing ‘ch’ as in chair. Writing Sanskrit Sanskrit is written in a very precise manner. The following is a table showing common sentences. Vṛttayaḥ pañcatayyaḥ kliṣṭā akliṣṭāḥ||5||, The (mental) modifications (vṛttayaḥ), which form a group of 5 (pañcatayyaḥ), may be or may not be based upon Kleśa-s --afflictions-- (kliṣṭāḥ akliṣṭāḥ)||5||, प्रमाणविपर्ययविकल्पनिद्रास्मृतयः॥६॥ There are countless pronunciation guides online for that! International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) IPA : gʌn gÊŒn. Pronunciation is a great place to start expanding your Sanskrit repertoire. I shall give you simple method to pronounce the letters. Not available in English. This makes Sanskrit very easy to learn and pronounce. That's the reason you felt a certain kinship with the Hindi script. ढ Coupled sound of ‘d’ and ‘h’= ‘dh’. Sanskrit, Hindi and Marathi. You will need them very often. ISKCON leaders now recognize this problem and feel the need for a detailed Sanskrit pronunciation guide. Vitarkavicārānandāsmitārūpānugamātsamprajñātaḥ||17||, Samprajñātasamādhi (samprajñātaḥ) (is achieved) by means of (anugamāt) Vitarka, Vicāra, Ānanda and Asmitā (vitarkavicārānandāsmitārūpa)||17||, विरामप्रत्ययाभ्यासपूर्वः संस्कारशेषोऽन्यः॥१८॥ The letters of Sanskrit are arranged in a scientific fashion. To my knowledge only three indian languages use the Devanaagri script viz. Letters in Sanskrit are believed to be loaded with mystic power that are yielded when pronounced correctly. Here is a pronunciation chart for the Sanskrit alphabet: Some of the words I used do not exist in English (like "shdum"), but I needed to create them to cause the correct sound to happen in the mouth. Click the record button to pronounce. In the beginning use the Roman diacritics as a guide to read Sanskrit. Pronunciation of Sanskrit Alphabet – Swara (Vowels) and Vyanjana (Consonants) The complete set of Sanskrit Vowels, Consonants, Semi Vowels, Hissing Sounds and Aspirate is as follows. Sanskrit pronunciation guide sanskrit s breadth of expression comes in part from using the entire mouth for pronunciation and from elongating accented vowels. This website uses affiliate links and earns commissions from qualifying purchases. ā) is held twice as long as its corresponding short vowel (e.g. Tajjaḥ saṁskāro'nyasaṁskārapratibandhī||50||, The latent impression (saṁskāraḥ) born (jaḥ) of that (special Prajñā arisen in Nirvicārasamādhi) (tad) obstructs (pratibandhī) the other (anya) latent impressions (saṁskāra)||50||, तस्यापि निरोधे सर्वनिरोधान्निर्वीजः समाधिः॥५१॥ pronouncekiwi. Sūkṣmaviṣayatvaṁ cāliṅgaparyavasānam||45||, And (ca) the character or condition of being a subtle (sūkṣma) object (viṣayatvam) (regarding a previous one which is less subtle) ends or culminates (paryavasānam) in Aliṅga --the Unmanifested Prakṛti-- (aliṅga)||45||, ता एव सवीजः समाधिः॥४६॥ The alphabet has 54 letters, while the English alphabet has only 26. There are lots of sounds that are produced by combining two consonants. Letters in Sanskrit are believed to be loaded with mystic power that are yielded when pronounced correctly. Īśvarapraṇidhānādvā||23||, Or else (vā) (one can achieve Nirvījasamādhi) through profound devotion (praṇidhānāt) to Īśvara (īśvara)||23||, क्लेशकर्मविपाकाशयैरपरामृष्टः पुरुषविशेष ईश्वरः॥२४॥ Here is a pronunciation chart for the Sanskrit alphabet: Some of the words I used do not exist in English (like "shdum"), but I needed to create them to cause the correct sound to happen in the mouth. With an alphabet of 49 letters, it has several different versions of familiar sounds such as ‘n’ and ‘s’, each issuing from a different part of the mouth. The order of the syllables in Sanskrit tells so much about the nature of sound it makes. Besides, you will find a complete translation of the aphorism. ् Halant. First, the alphabet is categorized into vowels and consonants as follows: Vowels - स्वराः Vowels are pronounced by a smooth flow of air thro' the mouth. Those (te) mental (citta) projections (vikṣepāḥ) (are) the obstacles (antarāyāḥ)||30||, दुःखदौर्मनस्याङ्गमेजयत्वश्वासप्रश्वासा विक्षेपसहभुवः॥३१॥ This practice will make sure that you are pronouncing Sanskrit in a proper way. 2. Alphabet (English) Traditional arrangement of the Sanskrit alphabet. The consonants are categorized according to their pronouncing style. In a way, Sanskrit is thus easier to read and write than English, where, for example, there are several diGerent ways of pronouncing the same letters (think of thor- The letters of Sanskrit are arranged in a scientific fashion. The order of the syllables in Sanskrit tells so much about the nature of sound it makes. क ख ग घ ङ च छ ज झ ञ ट ठ ड ढ ण त थ द ध न प फ ब भ म य र ल व श ष स ह. So, this relevant document will help you to write and pronounce Sanskrit properly. For this reason. pronouncekiwi - How To Pronounce Sanskrit numbers. Hi, this is Gabriel Pradīpaka once again. Vyādhistyānasaṁśayapramādālasyāviratibhrāntidarśanālabdhabhūmikatvānavasthitatvāni cittavikṣepāste'ntarāyāḥ||30||, Sickness (vyādhi), mental inefficiency (styāna), doubt (saṁśaya), negligence (pramāda), idleness (ālasya), non-abstention --lack of control-- (avirati), erroneous perception (bhrānti-darśana), the state of not attaining (alabdha) to any yogic stage (bhūmikatva) (and) unsteadiness --anavasthitatva-- (anavasthitatvāni). Viśokā vā jyotiṣmatī||36||, Or (vā) (a higher perception) that is luminous (jyotiṣmatī) and free from sorrow (viśokā) (can also brings about peace of mind)||36||, वीतरागविषयं वा चित्तम्॥३७॥ Duḥkhadaurmanasyāṅgamejayatvaśvāsapraśvāsā vikṣepasahabhuvaḥ||31||, Pain (duḥkha), feeling of wretchedness and miserableness (daurmanasya), shakiness or trembling (ejayatva) of the body (aṅgam), inhalation (śvāsa) (and) exhalation --praśvāsa-- (praśvāsāḥ) appear or arise (bhuvaḥ) together with (saha) the (aforesaid) projections (vikṣepa)||31||, तत्प्रतिषेधार्थमेकतत्त्वाभ्यासः॥३२॥ There are lots of sounds that are produced by combining two consonants. Sanskrit is one of the official languages used in India. You will be able to listen to Sanskrit language directly. One after the bearing consonant and one before the bearing consonant. झ This sound is not available in English. There are lots of sounds that are produced by combining two consonants. Sanskrit alphabet contains lots of sounds that follow a definite pattern. It is noticeable here that all the sounds of Sanskrit Alphabet can’t be produced in English and therefore no potent example could be provided for them. There are 51 letters in Sanskrit alphabet, more than most other languages. ण Nasal sound when the tongue touches a bit away from teeth. Learn the Sanskrit Alphabet and the right pronunciation of each letter. Viṣayavatī vā pravṛttirutpannā manasaḥ sthitinibandhinī||35||, Or (vā) a higher perception (pravṛttiḥ) relating to objects (viṣayavatī), (at the moment that) it emerges (utpannā), causes (nibandhinī) calm (sthiti) of mind (manasaḥ) (too)||35||, विशोका वा ज्योतिष्मती॥३६॥ So, some of them has to be learned (variation of these basic sounds) separately. Abhāvapratyayālambanā vṛttirnidrā||10||, The modification (vṛttiḥ) (known as) Nidrā (or deep sleep) (nidrā) is based (ālambanā) upon the mental state (pratyaya) of nonexistence (abhāva)||10||, अनुभूतविषयासम्प्रमोषः स्मृतिः॥११॥ Why Sanskrit mantras are healing for the listener. Atha yogānuśāsanam||1||, And now begins (atha) the instruction (anuśāsanam) regarding Yoga (yoga)||1||, योगश्चित्तवृत्तिनिरोधः॥२॥ The symbol is not present as such in the Mangal Font but can be made by pressing the Shift+3 keys. Use it to keep learning Sanskrit language. You will be able to listen to Sanskrit language directly. When naming a Sanskrit consonant, you simply add the vowel a to the end of it. This video is part of www.darshanproject.org, an on-line course community… How to say Sanskruti in English? ठ Hard sound of ‘t’. Śabdārthajñānavikalpaiḥ saṅkīrṇā savitarkā samāpattiḥ||42||, Savitarkā Samāpatti (savitarkā samāpattiḥ) (is that Engrossment which is) combined (saṅkīrṇā) with ideas or thoughts (vikalpaiḥ) of (sameness) between word (śabda), (its) meaning (artha) and (the resulting) knowledge (jñāna)||42||, स्मृतिपरिशुद्धौ स्वरूपशून्येवार्थमात्रनिर्भासा निर्वितर्का॥४३॥ IAST is a widely used standard. Bhavapratyayo videhaprakṛtilayānām||19||.

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